Hafi amezi icyenda arashize, ubwo nakoraga ubushakashatsi ku nkuru, nasanze nanjye nashyizwe mu itsinda rinini rya Telegram ryari rigamije kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge. Nyuma yaho naje gushyirwa mu rindi ry’abantu bakora ubujura bwa interineti, hanyuma n’irindi ry’abantu bacuruza amakarita y’ubwishingizi bw’ibanga.
Nasanze uko nashyiraga imyirondoro yanjye muri Telegram byaroroherezaga abantu kunshyira mu matsinda yabo ntakoze ikintu na kimwe. Narekeyeho uko byari biri kugira ngo mbone ibizakurikiraho.
Mu mezi make, nari namaze gushyirwa mu matsinda 82 atandukanye.
Nahinduye uko nari nashyizeho imyirondoro kugira ngo bihagarare (setting), ariko ubu buri gihe iyo ninjiye kuri Telegram, nsanganirwa n’ubutumwa bushya ibihumbi mu matsinda menshi akora ibikorwa bitemewe n’amategeko.
Ifatwa rya CEO wa Telegram uri mubakize cyane mu Bufaransa ryateje impaka ku bijyanye no kugenzura ibibera kuri iyi porogaramu.
Pavel Durov araregwa ubufatanye mu kwemerera ubucuruzi butemewe, icuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge, ubujura ndetse no gukwirakwiza amashusho y’abana bakorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina kuri urwo rubuga.
Nta gushidikanya ko ibyaha biri gukorerwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zindi, ariko ubushakashatsi bwanjye bwerekana ikibazo kinini abakora mu rwego rw’umutekano bamaze imyaka babona.
Dore ingero zimwe mu matsinda nasanze nanjye nongerwamo.
Porogaramu yanjye ya Telegram yabaye iduka rimwe ryo kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitemewe.
Amafoto yose yashyizwe mu matsinda, kandi twahinduye amazina y’amatsinda kugira ngo tutayamamaza.
Si igitangaza ko hari abantu, nka Patrick Gray umunyamakuru ukora ibiganiro ku bijyanye n’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga, bamaze amezi bagaragaza Telegram “nk’urubuga rutazwi wishyiriye muri telephone yawe.”
Interineti itazwi (Dark Web) ni igice cya interineti gishobora kugerwaho gusa hakoreshejwe software yihariye n’ubumenyi bwihariye. Uhereye ku isoko rya Silk Road ryatangiye mu 2011, habayeho urukurikirane rw’imbuga za interineti zigamije kugurisha ibicuruzwa n’ibikorwa bitemewe n’amategeko.
Patrick Gray avuga ku ifatwa ridasanzwe rya Durov, yavuze mu kiganiro cye cya Risky Business ko Telegram yabaye ubwihisho bw’ibyaha igihe kirekire.
“Tuvuga ku bijyanye n’ibikoresho by’ubugome ku bana, tuvuga ku bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge, tuvuga ku rwego rw’ibyaha bigera ku rwego rwa interineti itazwi kandi nta na kimwe bakora ku bijyanye n’icyo kibazo,” ibi byavuzwe na Patrick Gray.
Abanyabyaha bakunda interineti itazwi (Dark web) kubera ko itanga uburyo bwo guhisha amakuru yabo – ibikorwa byabo ku murongo wa interineti wihinduranya ahantu ku isi hose, bigatuma aho umuntu aherereye hataboneka. Guhamya neza uwihishe inyuma y’izina runaka ni ikibazo kigoye cyane.
Abashakashatsi mu kigo cy’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga Intel471 bavuze ko “mbere ya Telegram, ubu ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byakorwaga cyane mu masoko yo kuri interineti itazwi ariko ku banyabyaha bo ku rwego rwo hasi, badafite ubumenyi bwinshi, “Telegram yabaye imwe mu mbuga ziri mu zikunzwe cyane kuri interineti.”
Itsinda ry’abagizi ba nabi rizwi nka Qilin, ryatangaje amakuru ku bigo by’ubuvuzi bya NHS ryagaragaje ko ryamennye amakuru y’ibizamini by’amaraso kuri Telegram mbere yo kuyashyira ku rubuga rwayo rwa interineti itazwi.
Serivisi y’imyidagaduro y’inyiganano (deepfake) ikoreshwa mu gukora amashusho y’abana b’abakobwa bo muri Espagne no muri Koreya y’Epfo nayo ikora serivisi yuzuye, harimo no kwishyura, kuri Telegram.
Nta gushidikanya ko ibice bimwe by’ibi byaha biri gukorwa no ku mbuga zindi nk’uko byatangajwe mbere.
Amwe mu matsinda y’ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi yo kuri Telegram, nasubijwemo, bigaragara ko afite imbaraga ku mbuga nka Snapchat, urugero, nk’abagurisha ibiyobyabwenge bashobora kuboneka no kuri Instagram aho imyidagaduro ibarizwa bikaba bigaragara ko iganirwaho mu butumwa bwihariye.
Ariko abagurisha ibiyobyabwenge bashobora kugaragara bamamaza amatsinda yabo ya Telegram ku zindi mbuga kugira ngo abantu bajye gushyira iyo Apulikasiyo muri telephone cyangwa mudasobwa zabo ibi bakabikora mubundi buryo bujijishije.
Mu kwa mbere, polisi y’igihugu cya Latvia yashyizeho ishami ryihariye rishinzwe kugenzura porogaramu z’ubutumwa bwihuse ku bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge n’itumanaho, kandi abayobozi bemeje ko Telegram ari ikibazo gikomeye.
Amashusho agaragaza ihohotera ry’abana
Telegram ivuga ko igenzura rikorwa mu buryo “buhuye n’ibisabwa mu nganda”, ariko muri iki cyumweru twabonye ibimenyetso by’ibinyuranyije n’ibyo birebana n’ahantu hari ibyaha bito cyane kandi natanzeho urugero – amashusho agaragaza abana bari guhohoterwa.
Ku wa Gatatu w’iki cyumweru, BBC yamenye ko n’ubwo Telegram igira icyo ikora ku busabe bwo gukuraho amakuru ava mu nzego z’umutekano cyangwa ku miryango itegamiye kuri leta, ntabwo irimo gutanga umusanzu mu bigo bifite intego yo kurwanya gukwirakwiza amashusho n’amajwi y’abana bakorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina.
Iyi porogaramu si umunyamuryango w’ikigo cy’igihugu cya Amerika gishinzwe gushakisha no kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana (National Center for Missing and Exploited Children) cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa byo ku murongo wa interineti (Internet Watch Foundation) – byombi bigira uruhare mu gufatanya n’imbuga zose zikomeye ku murongo wa interineti kugira ngo zishake, zimenyeshe ndetse zinakureho ibyo bikorwa.
Kunanirwa gukurikirana neza ibijyanye no kurwanya ibikorwa by’ihohotera rikorerwa abana (CSAM) ni kimwe mu birego by’ibanze bishinjwa n’abashinjacyaha b’Abafaransa.
“Ipfundo ry’iki kibazo ni ukutagenzura no kudafatikanya n’izindi mbuga, cyane cyane mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ibyaha bikorerwa abana,” ibi byavuzwe Jean-Michel Bernigaud, umunyamabanga mukuru w’ikigo cya OFMIN, gishinzwe kurengera abana mu Bufaransa, kuri LinkedIn.
Telegram yabwiye BBC ko irimo gushakisha ibikorwa bitemewe n’amategeko, harimo no gukurikirana ihohotera rikorerwa abana, kuri urwo rubuga. Yavuze ko mu kwezi kwa Kanama gusa, ibikorwa by’ibanga byakorewe mu matsinda atandukanye ari 45,000.
Ibiro by’itangazamakuru ntabwo byashubije ibibazo byakurikiyeho kuri iyi ngingo cyangwa ibindi byose muri iyi nkuru.
Muri Kamena Pavel Durov yabwiye umunyamakuru Tucker Carlson ko afite “abatekinisiye bagera kuri 30” gusa batanga serivisi kuri uru rubuga rwe.
Kudafatanya na polisi
Kugenzura ibikorwa ni kimwe mu bibazo byugarije Telegram. Uburyo bwayo bwo kugenzura ibisabwa na polisi ngo bakureho ibintu bitemewe n’amategeko no gutanga ibimenyetso nacyo ni ikindi kirego.
Nk’uko Brian Fishman, umwe mu bashinze urubuga rwa software rwa Cinder, rwifashishwa mu kwizerwa no kurindwa, yavuze: “Telegram iri ku rundi rwego: yabaye igicumbi gikomeye cya Isis mu myaka icumi. Yirengagije ibikorwa byo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho byo guhohotera abana (CSAM). Yirinze gukorana n’inzego z’umutekano mu myaka myinshi. Si ukutagenzura ibikorwa by’ibanze; ni uburyo butandukanye burundu.”
Hari abashobora kuvuga ko uburyo bwa Telegram bwo gutanga ubwisanzure bivuze ko nta makuru menshi iyi kompanyi ifite yerekeye ibyo bikorwa bitangwa ku nzego z’umutekano. Ibi ni ko bimeze ku mbuga zifite ubwirinzi bukomeye nk’iza Signal na WhatsApp.
Telegram nayo iha abayikoresha urwego rwo hejuru rw’ubwirinzi igihe bihitiyemo gukora “Ibiganiro by’ibanga” (Secret Chat) ukoresheje uburyo bumwe bwo guhisha ibiri kuvugwa hagati y’ababigize (end-to-end encryption) nk’uko izo porogaramu zibikora. Ibi bivuze ko ibiri kuvugwa muri ibyo biganiro bihisha amabanga byose ari ibanga kandi na Telegram ubwayo ntishobora kubimenya.
Ariko, iyi porogaramu ntabwo iha amahitamo abantu kuyifungura mu buryo bw’ibanga (secret chat), kandi bigaragara ko ibikorwa byinshi kuri uru rubuga – harimo n’ayo matsinda anyuranye – nta bwirinzi bwo guhisha amabanga yashyizweho.
Telegram ishobora gusoma ibivugwa byose no kubishyikiriza polisi niba ibishaka, ariko ivuga mu mabwiriza yayo ko itazabikora.
“Amatsinda ya Telegram n’ibiganiro bigizwe n’abantu benshi ni ibanga hagati y’ababigize. Ntituzakora ku busabe bwerekeye ibijyanye na byo,” amabwiriza y’iyi kompanyi niko avuga.
Kugenda buguru ntege bya Telegram ku bijyanye no gukorana n’inzego z’umutekano ni ikintu cyavuzweho mu bice bitandukanye by’inama n’itangazamakuru n’abapolisi.
Abayobozi b’Ubufaransa nkuko batangaje binyuze mu itangazo ryabo rijyanye n’ibirego Durov yahamijwe ko polisi muri icyo gihugu ndetse niyo mu Bubiligi bifite ibimenyetso “kutubahiriza ubutumwa bugaragara bwose buturutse muri Telegram ku busabe bw’amategeko.”
Abayobozi mu bindi bihugu birimo n’u Budage bashimangiye ku mugaragaro kutagira ubufatanye kuri iyo porogaramu mu gukuraho ibintu byose bitemewe n’amategeko.
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