Umuganura ni iki? Sobanukirwa byinshi wibaza kuri uyu muhango umenye n’uko kera wizihizwaga

Buri wa 5 wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Kanama, Abanyarwanda bizihiza umunsi w’umuganura, abakuze bavuga ko kwizihiza umuhango w’umuganura ari ugusigasira umurage w’u Rwanda, bitewe nuko ukubiyemo indangagaciro z’umuco nyarwanda.Umunsi w’Umuganura urizihizwa kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki ya 2 Kanama 2024 mu Karere ka Kayonza, ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti ‘Umuganura, isoko y’ubumwe n’ishingiro ryo kwigira.

’Inzira y’umuganura ni imwe mu Nzira 18 zari zigize inzira z’ubwiru mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami.Inzira y’umuganura yakorwagamo imihango buri mwaka yari igamije gufasha Abanyarwanda kweza imyaka myinshi igihugu kikagira uburumbuke. Ni umuhango waheraga ibwami Umwami agatanga umuganura bagasangira bishimira umusaruro igihugu cyejeje, abari bawushinzwe bitwaga Abiru.Wari ufite intego yo kwibutsa Abanyarwanda ko bakwiye kuzirikana ko basangiye igihugu kimwe, umuco umwe n’indangagaciro zimwe.

Umuganura wizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka by’umwihariko wakorerwaga ku mbuto za Gihanga ari zo amasaka, uburo, inzuzi n’isogi. Umunsi mukuru wawo watangiraga muri Kamena, ugasoza muri Nzeri, ugahera i bwami mbere yo gusesekara muri rubanda.Inzira y’umuganura ni imwe muri 18 zari zigize inzira z’ubwiru mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami.

Inzira z’ubwiru zarimo iz’ubukungu, iz’umutekano w’igihugu n’inzira zo gukomeza ubwami. Zari zigizwe kandi n’urusobe rw’imihango n’imigenzo bifite amategeko agena uko bikorwa mu bihe runaka. Uyu muhango waheraga ibwami, Umwami agatanga umuganura bagasangira bishimira umusaruro igihugu cyejeje.Kuganura kwari ugusubira ku isoko nk’Abanyarwanda, abaturage bakiyibutsa ko bahuje gakondo n’ibyiza byayo Imana yabahaye, bakayishimira. Ku rwego rw’igihugu Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami afatanyije n’abanyamihango babugenewe mu gihe ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru wawo ari we wayoboraga iyo mihango yawizihizanyaga n’abawugize bashimira Imana ibyiza yabahaye.Ku rwego rw’umuryango, .Imihango y’i bwami yari iyo guhuza Imana n’Igihugu, bagahuza ibikorwa by’idini n’imigenzo gakondo hamwe n’imirimo y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.Umuganura wizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka. Umunsi mukuru wawo watangiraga muri Kamena, ugasoza muri Nzeri, ugahera i bwami mbere yo gusesekara muri rubanda.Baganuzaga Umwami amata, amasaka n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo uburo, inzuzi n’isogi ariko bakongeraho n’ibindi byose byabaga byeze muri icyo gihe.Umwami yafataga umwuko agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje kuganura, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu.

Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo cy’imihigo. Muri ibyo birori, Umwami yamurikirwaga umusaruro unyuranye w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’indashyikirwa.Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imiryango nayo yarateranaga maze umutware w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga.

Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka iragira iti :”Isoko y’Ubumwe n’Ishingiro ryo Kwigira”*Amateka y’umunsi w’UmuganuraUmuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu kinyejana cya cyenda, hanyuma wongera guhabwa imbaraga n’Umwami Ruganzu II Ndoli (1510-1543) ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga 10 ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga (Abanyabungo).Waje kugirwa ihame ridakuka mu kinyejana cya 16 ubwo Umwami Ruganzu II Ndoli yabohoraga u Rwanda rwari rwarigaruriwe nyuma y’amacakubiri yatumye Umwami Ndahiro Cyamatare yicwa n’ababisha n’ingoma yarwo, Rwoga, ikanyagwa n’abanyamahanga.Umuganura wabanzirizwaga n’icyunamo cya Gicurasi aho Abanyarwanda bibukaga urupfu rwa Cyamatare, hagakurikiraho ibirori bya Kamena bishimira ko habonetse Umutabazi, noneho bigasozwa no kwizihiza Umuganura bashimira Imana ko basubiranye igihugu n’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.

Cyari ikintu gikomeye bagombaga guhora bazirikana ngo batazongera guteshuka kuri iryo hame shingiro ry’uko bahuje byose: Inkomoko imwe, igihugu kimwe, amahame-remezo gishingiyeho n’indangagaciro zigize umuco.Umuganura wambuwe agaciro aho abakoloni bageze mu Rwanda. Kubera ko intwaro yabo yari amacakubiri, bihutiye guca umuco Nyarwanda wahuzaga Abanyarwanda, bityo baca Umuganura wabibutsaga umuco bahuriyeho ndetse n’Umwiru mukuru ushinzwe Umuganura Gashamura bamucira i Burundi mu 1925.*Huro muri Gakenke ni ho hategurirwaga UmuganuraUmusozi wa Huro uherereye mu Murenge wa Muhondo mu Karere ka Gakenke uzwi mu mitegurire y’Umuganura. Ni ho hategurirwaga umuganura ndetse Gihanga Ngomijana awutangiza yabikomoye ku bahatuye.Mu kinyejana cya 16 ubwo Ruganzu II Ndoli yari aturutse i Karagwe nyuma y’aho igihugu cyari cyarigaruriwe n’Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo, yifashishije ab’i Huro mu guha imbaraga Umuganura.Mu mateka y’u Rwanda, ku munsi w’Umuganura ni bwo Umwami yagombaga gusangira na rubanda bishimira umusaruro babaga bagezeho.

Uko byagendaga mu muco ku munsi w’Umuganura, abasaza bahuriraga hamwe bakaganura bakanywa amarwa, abakecuru bagateka umutsima n’ibishyimbo, bakagaburira abana bakabaha n’amata bakanywa.Umuganura uhuza abaturage n’abayobozi bagasabana bishimira umusaruro wagezweho. Nubwo ukomoka mu bihe by’Abami ariko nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ntiwari mu minsi yizihizwa cyane mu gihugu.Umuganura wagiraga n’undi mumaro wo kuzirikana umwami nka Nyir’uburumbuke bakamutura urutete rw’imyaka yeze.Uyu muhango wakomeje gukorwa no mu yindi myaka yakurikiye ubutegetsi bwa cyami. Wasigaye ukorwa mu rwego rwo kwishimira umusaruro, Abanyarwanda bagahurira mu ngo z’abakungu bagasangira ibyo kurya bakanywa n’inzoga.*Uko umuganura wizihizwa ubuUmuganura ni Umuhango ukomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda rwo hambere ari nacyo cyatumye Leta y’u Rwanda iwugarura ndetse ikawushyiriraho itegeko riwuha imbaraga zituma wizihizwa mu gihugu hose.Ni umwanya wo kongera kwibuka ibyo Abanyarwanda bahuriyeho nk’igihugu, umuco karande, inkomoko n’ibindi.Umuganura ufatwa nk’umunsi ukomeye ku Banyarwanda wo kwishimira ibyagezweho, kwisuzuma no kureba ibitaragenze neza, guhigira imyaka itaha n’ubusabane bw’abayobozi n’abayoborwa.Uyu munsi wizihizwa hamurikwa bimwe mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, ubworozi n’ubukorikori.

Kuganura ubu bifite igisobanuro cyo gusangira ku byavuye ku musaruro wejejwe mu gihugu hose.Kwizihiza Umuganura byarenze imbibi zo kwita ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi gusa ahubwo byanageze mu nzego zireba ubuzima n’iterambere by’Abanyarwanda mu kugaragaza urugendo rw’Abanyarwanda rwo kwigira no kwibohora nyako.

Umuganura wizihizwa hishimirwa umusaruro wagezweho mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, ubukerarugendo ikoranabuhanga, inganda, uburezi, ubucuruzi n’ibindi.Umuganura waje kongera kwizihizwa buri mwaka muri za mirongo inani, ariko nabwo hagamijwe guha agaciro umusaruro w’ubuhinzi.

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