Gutwita ukiri muto ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange gishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umukobwa, umwana atwite ndetse n’imibereho ye muri rusange.
Uretse ibibazo bishobora kuvuka mu gihe cyo gutwita no kubyara, umukobwa ashobora no guhura n’ihungabana, gucirwa urubanza n’abamukikije ndetse n’ingorane zo gukomeza amashuri.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO), mu makuru ryasohoye ku bijyanye no gutwita kw’abangavu, rigaragaza ko abakobwa batwita bakiri bato bafite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n’ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by’ubuzima ugereranyije n’abagore batwita bakuzeho gato.
Abana babo na bo bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kuvuka batagejeje igihe cyangwa bafite ibiro bike.
1. Kudahabwa ubuvuzi bwo kwita ku mugore utwite hakiri kare
Abakobwa batwita bakiri bato bashobora gutinda kujya kwa muganga kubera ipfunwe, ubwoba bwo gucirwa urubanza, kutabona ubufasha bw’umuryango cyangwa kutamenya ko batwite.
Gutinda kwipimisha bishobora gutuma ibibazo by’ubuzima bitamenyekana hakiri kare. Nyamara, gukurikiranwa n’abaganga bifasha kugenzura ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana, kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka no gutanga inyunganiramirire zikenewe, zirimo ubutare na aside folike.
WHO isaba ko umugore utwite atangira gukurikiranwa n’abaganga mu byumweru 12 bya mbere atangiye gutwita, agakomeza kwitabira gahunda zose z’ubuvuzi bw’abagore batwite.
2. Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso
Abakobwa batwita bakiri bato bafite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n’ibibazo bimwe na bimwe, birimo umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso n’indwara ya pre-eclampsia.
Pre-eclampsia ni indwara ishobora kugaragazwa n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, rimwe na rimwe ikajyana na poroteyine mu nkari cyangwa ibibazo by’imikorere y’ingingo zimwe na zimwe z’umubiri.
Iyo itamenyekanye cyangwa ngo ivurwe hakiri kare, ishobora gushyira mu kaga ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana uri mu nda. Kubabara umutwe bikabije, kureba ibihuha, kubabara mu gice cyo hejuru cy’inda no kubyimba mu buryo budasanzwe ni bimwe mu bimenyetso bisaba kwihutira kwa muganga.
3. Kubyara umwana utagejeje igihe
Umwana uvutse mbere y’uko inda igira ibyumweru 37 byuzuye aba avutse atagejeje igihe.
Abana nk’abo bashobora kugira ibibazo byo guhumeka, kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’umubiri, kugogora ibiryo no kwandura indwara. Abavutse hakiri kare cyane bashobora no guhura n’ibibazo birebana n’imikurire n’imikorere y’ubwonko.
Nk’uko WHO ibigaragaza mu makuru yayo ku bana bavuka batagejeje igihe, kubyara mbere y’igihe ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera impfu z’abana bato ku isi. Gukurikiranwa n’abaganga igihe cyose umugore atwite bifasha kumenya no guhangana n’ibibazo bishobora gushyira umubyeyi n’umwana mu kaga.
4. Kubyara umwana ufite ibiro bike
Umwana uvutse afite ibiro biri munsi ya 2,5 afatwa nk’ufite ibiro bike akivuka. Ibi bishobora guterwa no kuvuka atagejeje igihe cyangwa kudakura neza igihe yari akiri mu nda.
Imirire idahagije, indwara zimwe na zimwe z’umubyeyi n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima bishobora kugira uruhare mu gutuma umwana avuka afite ibiro bike.
Aba bana bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwihariye, gukurikiranwa kenshi n’abaganga no gufashwa kugumana ubushyuhe bw’umubiri no kubona imirire iboneye. Uko ibyago bingana biterwa n’ibiro umwana avukanye, igihe yavukiye n’ubuvuzi abona.
5. Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina
Gutwita ntibihamya ko umuntu afite indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Icyakora, gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara zirimo virusi itera SIDA, mburugu n’izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Iyo izo ndwara zitamenyekanye kandi ngo zivurwe, zimwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umubyeyi no ku mwana, harimo no kuba hari izishobora kwanduzwa umwana mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa kubyara.
WHO ishyira isuzuma rya virusi itera SIDA, mburugu na hepatite B mu bikorwa by’ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe umugore utwite atangiye gukurikiranwa n’abaganga.
6. Ihungabana no kwiheba nyuma yo kubyara
Inda yo mu gihe cy’ubwangavu ishobora guherekezwa n’igitutu cy’imibereho, ubwoba, gucirwa urubanza cyangwa gutereranwa n’umuryango. Iyo umukobwa atabonye ubufasha, ibyo bibazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwe bwo mu mutwe.
Kwiheba nyuma yo kubyara bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mubyeyi uwo ari we wese. Ariko ihungabana, kubura ubufasha n’ibibazo by’imibereho bishobora kongera ibyago byo guhura na byo.
UNICEF Rwanda yagaragaje mu nkuru zayo ku babyeyi bangavu ko ihungabana, gucirwa urubanza no kubura ubufasha bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yabo no ku buzima bwo mu mutwe.
Kwiheba bikabije bishobora gutuma umubyeyi agorwa no kwita ku mwana no gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Iyo umukobwa agaragaje ibimenyetso by’ihungabana cyangwa kwiheba, aba akeneye ubufasha bw’ababifitiye ubumenyi, aho gucirwa urubanza cyangwa gutereranwa.
7. Ingaruka ku burezi n’imibereho y’umukobwa
Ingaruka zo gutwita ukiri muto ntizigarukira ku buzima bw’umubiri. Umukobwa ashobora guhura n’ingorane zo gukomeza amashuri, kubona ubushobozi bwo kwibeshaho no kwita ku mwana, cyane cyane iyo adafite ubufasha bw’umuryango.
Gutereranwa, ivangura no kubura umuntu umuba hafi bishobora kongera ibibazo by’ihungabana no kumugora mu kwiyubaka
Ni yo mpamvu abakobwa batwite cyangwa babyaye bakiri bato bakwiye gushyigikirwa kugira ngo babone ubuvuzi, ubujyanama n’amahirwe yo gukomeza uburezi, aho guhezwa cyangwa gucirwa urubanza.
Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo izo ngaruka zigabanuke
Kugabanya ingaruka z’inda ku bakobwa bakiri bato bisaba ubufatanye bw’imiryango, amashuri, inzego z’ubuzima n’izishinzwe kurengera abana.
Iby’ingenzi birimo:
Kwipimisha inda hakiri kare: Umukobwa ukeka ko atwite akwiye kugana ikigo nderabuzima kugira ngo ahabwe ubuvuzi n’ubujyanama.
Gutanga amakuru yizewe: Abangavu bakeneye amakuru ajyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, kwirinda inda zitateganyijwe n’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Gushyigikira abakobwa batwite: Imiryango ikwiye kubafasha kubona ubuvuzi, umutekano n’ubujyanama aho kubatererana.
Kurengera abana ihohoterwa: Igihe inda yatewe n’ihohoterwa, ni ngombwa gushaka ubufasha bw’inzego zibishinzwe.
Kwita ku buzima bwo mu mutwe: Abakobwa bagaragaza ibimenyetso by’ihungabana cyangwa kwiheba bakwiye kubona ubufasha bw’ababifitiye ubumenyi.
Muri rusange, gutwita ukiri muto bishobora kongera ibyago by’ibibazo by’ubuzima n’imibereho, ariko hari ingamba zishobora gufasha kubigabanya. Ubuvuzi buboneye, amakuru yizewe, kurengerwa no gushyigikirwa ni ingenzi mu kurinda ubuzima bw’umukobwa n’umwana atwite.
