Icuruzwa ry’abantu ni kimwe mu byaha bihonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu, kuko nyine abarikora bashaka inyungu bakoresheje abandi ku gahato, babashutse cyangwa bakababuza ubwisanzure mu buryo butandukanye.
Mu Rwanda, iki kibazo gikomeza kugaragara mu bantu bashukashukwa bakajyanwa i mahanga aho bajyanwa bagashorwa mu mirimo y’agahato, bamwe bagakoreshwa imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, abandi bagakoreshwa mu bikorwa bibangamira uburenganzira bwabo, abo bose bakavanwa mu gihugu cyabo basezeranyijwe akazi keza n'izindi nyungu runaka z'amaramuko ariko ibyo bikarangira bisanze mu buzima bw'umubabaro n'agahinda katabasha kumenywa n'undi muntu uwo ari we wese.
Iri curuzwa ry’abantu risobanura iki?
Icuruzwa ry’abantu (Human Trafficking) ni igikorwa cyo gushaka, kwakira, kwimura cyangwa gucumbikira umuntu ahantu runaka hakoreshejwe uburiganya, iterabwoba, agahato, gushimuta cyangwa gukoresha nabi intege nke ze, hagamijwe kumubyaza inyungu binyuze mu kumukoresha.
Rishobora gukorwa hagamijwe guhatira umuntu gukora imirimo atemera, kumukoresha imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, kumushyira mu bucakara cyangwa kumuvanamo ibice by’umubiri bigurishwa.
Ni ngombwa gutandukanya icuruzwa ry’abantu no kwambutsa abantu imipaka mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko (Migrant Smuggling). Ibi si ibyaha bimwe: kwambutsa umuntu umupaka mu buryo butemewe bishobora kuba ari byo byonyine bigamijwe, mu gihe icuruzwa ry’abantu rishingira ku gushaka kumubyaza inyungu binyuze mu kumukoresha.
Umuntu ashobora no kwemera kujya mu mahanga, ariko nyuma agacururizwa iyo agiye guhatirwa gukora cyangwa agakoreshwa mu bundi buryo bwo kumubyaza inyungu.
Ibi bisobanuro bihuye n’ibiteganywa n’Itegeko Nº 51/2018 ryo gukumira, kurwanya no guhana icuruzwa ry’abantu no gushakira inyungu mu bandi, ryasohotse mu Igazeti ya Leta ku wa 24 Nzeri 2018. Soma Itegeko Nº 51/2018.
Abantu bashorwa muri iki cyaha bate?
Kwamamaza akazi ko mu mahanga, gusezeranya abantu amahirwe yo kwiga, kubizeza imibereho myiza cyangwa kubashakira akazi ni bumwe mu buryo abacuruza abantu bashobora gukoresha kugira ngo babashuke.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Never Again Rwanda bwakozwe mu 2024, bugasohoka muri Nyakanga 2025, bwerekanye ko mu bantu 377 bakozweho ubushakashatsi, 99.2% bagaragaje ko ibibazo by’ubukungu ari kimwe mu byatumye bagira intege nke zo gushorwa mu icuruzwa ry’abantu. Abagera kuri 88.06% bagaragaje ibibazo bijyanye no kutagira aho kuba nk’ikindi cyabashyiraga mu kaga.
Raporo igaragaza ko abashaka gucuruza abantu bashobora kubizeza akazi, amashuri cyangwa ubuzima bwiza, ariko bamara kugezwa aho bajyanwa bakisanga mu bitandukanye n’ibyo bari bemerewe.
Ubu buriganya bushobora no gukorwa n’abantu uwahohotewe yari asanzwe azi.
Raporo ivuga ko hari abashukwa n’inshuti, abo mu miryango cyangwa abantu basanzwe ari abahuza abantu n’akazi.
Ibi bituma uwizeye ko ari gufashwa kubona amahirwe mashya atamenya ko ari kwinjizwa mu mutego.
Politiki y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Icuruzwa ry’Abantu ya 2026–2031 ivuga ko hari n’abana bashobora gushorwa muri iki cyaha binyuze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa ku bantu bo mu miryango no mu baturanyi babo.
Ubwoko bw’icuruzwa ry’abantu rigaragara mu Rwanda
Raporo ya Never Again Rwanda igaragaza ko abantu 377 bakoreweho ubushakashatsi bahuye n’uburyo butandukanye bwo gucuruzwa. Mu byo bavuze, 75.9% bagaragaje ko bakorewe imirimo y’agahato, 55.2% bahuye no guhatirwa gukora kugira ngo bishyure imyenda ya ba nyiri ukubaryarya, naho 49.3% bakoreshejwe imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato.
Iri ijanisha rishingiye ku bantu bitabiriye ubushakashatsi, ntabwo ari imibare y’Abanyarwanda bose.
Reba ubushakashatsi bwa Never Again Rwanda.
Mu buryo bw’imirimo y’agahato, umuntu ashobora guhatirwa gukora amasaha menshi atishyurwa uko bikwiye, byarimba ntabe anishyurwa. Akenshi abantu nk'abo bamburwa uburenganzira bwo kuva aho bakorerwa iryo hohoterwa
Hari n’igihe umuntu ajyanwa mu kindi gihugu bamubwiye ko azakora akazi runaka, ariko agasanga agomba gukora ibindi atigeze yemera.
Ku bijyanye no guhatirwa kwishyura imyenda, abashaka gucuruza abantu bashobora kubabwira ko bazabishyurira amafaranga y’urugendo, ibyangombwa cyangwa icumbi. Nyuma bakabategeka gukora kugira ngo bishyure ayo mafaranga, rimwe na rimwe bakongeraho andi mafaranga atari yarigeze avugwa mbere. Ibi bigatuma uwahohotewe adashobora kuhona uko yemererwa kuva mu kazi kuko aba yarabwiwe ko agifite umwenda munini agomba kwishyura.
Abakiri bato n’abagore bari mu bashobora kwibasirwa
Ubushakashatsi bwa Never Again Rwanda bugaragaza ko 64.5% by’abakoreweho ubushakashatsi bari abagore, naho 67% bari urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 18 na 30. Abagera kuri 65.8% bari badafite akazi mu gihe bakorwagaho ubushakashatsi, mu gihe 2.1% gusa bari barahawe amahugurwa y’imyuga.
Iyi mibare igaragaza ko ubushomeri, ubukene no kutabona amahirwe ahagije yo kwiga imyuga bikunze kuba bimwe mu bishobora gutuma bamwe mu rubyiruko barushaho gushukishwa ayo masezerano y’akazi atizewe. Icyakora, ntibivuze ko buri muntu udafite akazi cyangwa ufite amikoro make aba ashobora kugwa muri iyo myumvire.
Icuruzwa ry’abantu ntirigarukira mu kujyanwa mu mahanga
Iyo havuzwe icuruzwa ry’abantu, benshi bashobora gutekereza ku Banyarwanda bajyanwa mu bihugu byo hanze. Ariko raporo ya Never Again Rwanda igaragaza ko hari n’icuruzwa rikorerwa imbere mu Rwanda.
Igaragaza ko mu duce tumwe na tumwe, abana b’abakobwa bagiye bagaragara bakora imirimo yo mu ngo cyangwa mu tubari, bigatuma bamwe batabona amahirwe yo gukomeza amashuri atari mu bushake bwabo.
Raporo inavuga ibibazo by’abana bakoreshwaga mu bikorwa by’ubusambanyi, aho bamwe bashoboraga kugurishwa ku bantu babakoresha imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Ibi ni ibibazo bikomeye cyane kuko bishobora guhishirwa mu bikorwa bisanzwe bya buri munsi, bigatuma bigorana gutahura ko umwana cyangwa undi muntu ari gucuruzwa.
Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) na rwo rugaragaza ko u Rwanda ari igihugu gishobora kuba gikorerwamo ibyo bikorwa ndetse rukaba n’inzira banyuzwamo bajyanwa mu bindi bihugu.
RIB ivuga ko abashaka kubacuruza bakunze kubibasira bifashishije intege nke bafite. Soma ibisobanuro bya RIB ku icuruzwa ry’abantu.
Abanyarwanda 289 bagaruwe bavuye mu mahanga
Ikibazo cy’icuruzwa ry’abantu cyagaragaye no mu mibare y’Abanyarwanda bagaruwe mu gihugu nyuma yo kujyanwa mu mahanga bagakorerwa ibikorwa byo kubacuruza.
Mu nkuru yasohowe na The New Times ku wa 24 Nyakanga 2026, yatangaje ko Minisitiri w’Ubutabera, Dr Emmanuel Ugirashebuja, yagejeje ku bagize Komisiyo ya Sena ishinzwe Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Umutekano amakuru y’Abanyarwanda 289 bagaruwe bavuye mu bihugu bine hagati ya 2025 na Werurwe 2026.
Muri bo, 101 bari bavuye muri Cambodia, 99 muri Oman, 58 muri Laos naho 31 muri Myanmar. Aba bantu bafashijwe gutaha ku bufatanye bwa Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane, Umuryango Mpuzamahanga ushinzwe Abimukira (IOM) n’izindi nzego.
Minisitiri yavuze kandi ko mu 2025 ibigo bya Isange One Stop Centre byafashije abantu 65 bari barakorewe icyaha cy’icuruzwa ry’abantu. Soma inkuru ya The New Times ku Banyarwanda 289 bagaruwe.
Iyi mibare igaragaza ko ikibazo cyambukiranya imipaka kigihari.
Icyo imibare y’iperereza n’ubutabera igaragaza
Raporo ya Politiki y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Icuruzwa ry’Abantu ya 2026–2031, nk’uko The New Times yabitangaje ku wa 1 Ukwakira 2026, igaragaza ko hagati ya Mutarama 2022 na Werurwe 2026 inzego zakoze iperereza ku bantu 189 bakekwagaho icuruzwa ry’abantu.
Muri icyo gihe, abantu 97 bashinjwe ibyaha bifitanye isano n’icuruzwa ry’abantu, naho 60 bahamwa n’icyaha n’inkiko.
Iyi mibare igaragaza ibikorwa byageze mu nzego z’ubugenzacyaha n’ubutabera, ariko ntabwo ari imibare yose y’abantu bacurujwe mu Rwanda.
Politiki ubwayo ivuga ko iki cyaha gishobora guhishwa, kandi ko gutahura abahohotewe bitajya byoroha. Soma inkuru ya The New Times ku ngamba nshya zo kurwanya icuruzwa ry’abantu.
Minisitiri w’Ubutabera yanatangaje ko u Rwanda rwabujije abantu 673 kugwa mu icuruzwa ry’abantu kuva mu 2025, binyuze mu kunoza igenzura ku mipaka no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ibi byatangajwe na The New Times ku wa 24 Nyakanga 2026. Icyakora iyi mibare y’abantu babujijwe kugwa mu mutego ntigomba kwitiranywa n’abantu 289 bagaruwe mu gihugu nyuma yo gucuruzwa.
U Rwanda rufite amategeko ahana icuruzwa ry’abantu
U Rwanda rwashyizeho Itegeko Nº 51/2018 ryo ku wa 13 Kanama 2018 ryerekeye gukumira, kurwanya no guhana icuruzwa ry’abantu no gushakira inyungu mu bandi.
Iri tegeko riteganya ko umuntu uhamijwe n’urukiko icyaha cy’icuruzwa ry’abantu ahanishwa igifungo kiri hagati y’imyaka 10 na 15 n’ihazabu iri hagati ya miliyoni 10 na miliyoni 15 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Iyo icyaha cyambukiranya imipaka, igihano gishobora kuba igifungo kiri hagati y’imyaka 20 na 25 n’ihazabu iri hagati ya miliyoni 20 na miliyoni 25 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Iri tegeko rinateganya ko uwakorewe icyaha adakwiye kuryozwa ibikorwa binyuranyije n’amategeko yakoze bitewe n’uko yari mu ngoyi y'icuruzwa.
Iryo tegeko kandi rinasaba kurinda umwirondoro w’uwahohotewe no kumuha ubufasha bukenewe. Soma Itegeko Nº 51/2018 mu Igazeti ya Leta.
Abahohotewe bafashwa bate?
Mu Rwanda, Isange One Stop Centre ni imwe mu nzira zifasha abantu bahuye n’ihohoterwa n’abana bahohotewe kubona serivisi zitandukanye.
Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango (MIGEPROF) igaragaza ko mu gihugu hari ibigo bya Isange One Stop Centre 48. Ibyo bifasha abahohotewe kubasha kuhona ubufasha mu by’amategeko, ubuvuzi, ubujyanama bwo mu mutwe n’ubuhungiro bw’agateganyo, ndetse bagafashwa no gusubira mu miryango yabo. Soma amakuru ya MIGEPROF kuri Isange One Stop Centres.
Iteka rya Minisitiri Nº 13/2021 ryo ku wa 29 Kanama 2021 na ryo riteganya ubufasha bw’ibanze ku muntu ukekwaho kuba yaracurujwe, burimo aho kuba by’agateganyo, ibiribwa, imyambaro, ubuvuzi n’ubujyanama bwo mu mutwe.
Iri teka riteganya ko uwahohotewe aba ashobora guhabwa icumbi ry’agateganyo mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu, bitewe n’imyaka ye, igitsina n’ubwoko bw’icuruzwa yakorewe. Rinasaba kandi ko amakuru ye abikwa mu ibanga kandi ko afashwa kongera kwiyubaka, harimo no gukomeza amashuri cyangwa kwiga imyuga.
Nubwo izo serivisi zihari, politiki nshya ya 2026–2031 yemera ko hakiri imbogamizi mu kubona ubuhungiro bwihariye, ubufasha bwo mu mutwe, ubuvuzi na serivisi z’amategeko, cyane cyane ku bana, abagabo n’abakorewe icuruzwa rigamije kubakoresha imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Politiki nshya ya 2026–2031 igamije iki?
Ku wa 1 Ukwakira 2026, The New Times yatangaje ko u Rwanda rwateguye Politiki y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Icuruzwa ry’Abantu ya 2026–2031, igamije kunoza uburyo bwo gutahura abahohotewe, kubafasha no kubageza kuri serivisi zibagenewe.
Iyi politiki igamije kandi kongera ubushobozi bw’inzego z’ubugenzacyaha n’ubushinjacyaha, kunoza imikoranire y’inzego zitandukanye no gushyiraho uburyo bumwe bwo kubika no gusangira amakuru ajyanye n’icuruzwa ry’abantu.
Mu ngamba ziteganyijwe harimo gushyiraho uburyo bw’igihugu bwo kohereza uwahohotewe ku rwego rumufasha, gutegura umurongo wa telefoni utishyurwa wo gutangiraho amakuru ku bantu bakekwaho gucuruza abandi, no kongera ubukangurambaga mu baturage, mu mashuri no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
Politiki inateganya ko inzego zizajya zitanga raporo buri gihembwe, hakabaho isuzuma rya buri mwaka, no hagati mu mwaka mu gihe cy’ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’isuzuma rya nyuma mu 2031. Soma ibisobanuro birambuye kuri Politiki y’Igihugu ya 2026–2031.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso byagufasha gutahura ko umuntu ashobora kuba ari gucuruzwa?
Nubwo nta kimenyetso kimwe cyemeza ko umuntu yacurujwe, hari imyitwarire n’imimerere bishobora gutuma umuntu akeka ko hari ihohoterwa rikorerwa undi.
Mu gihe umuntu yambuwe ibyangombwa bye nk'irangamuntu cyangwa pasiporo bye ntabigireho ububasha.
Mu gihe umuntu uatemererwa kuvugana n’umuryango cyangwa inshuti ze mu bwisanzure.
Mu gihe umukozi ahatirwa gukora amasaha menshi atishyurwa cyangwa adashobora kuva aho akorera.
Mu gihe umuntu ahora aterwa ubwoba, agenzurwa cyangwa akabuzwa kugenda aho ashaka.
Mu gihe umuntu wagiye mu mahanga yemerewe akazi runaka, ariko agasanga akora ibindi mu buryo atigeze yemera.
Mu gihe umuntu asabwa kwishyura imyenda idasobanutse kugira ngo arekurwe ku kazi.
Ibi ni bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora gutuma hakenerwa iperereza, ariko ntibihagije byonyine kugira ngo umuntu ahamye undi icyaha.
Uko watanga amakuru cyangwa ugasaba ubufasha
Mu gihe ukeka ko hari undi muntu uri gucuruzwa cyangwa ukeneye ubufasha ushobora kwegera inzego zibishinzwe.
Urubuga rwa MIGEPROF rugaragaza nimero z’ubufasha ku bahohotewe zirimo:
RIB: 116 cyangwa 3512
MIGEPROF: 9059
NPPA: 3935
National Child Development Agency: 711
Izi nimero zigaragara ku rubuga rwa MIGEPROF.
Kurwanya icuruzwa ry’abantu bisaba uruhare rwa buri wese
Imibare y’abagaruwe mu mahanga, abakoreweho iperereza n’abafashijwe n’ibigo bya Isange igaragaza ko icuruzwa ry’abantu rikiri ikibazo gisaba gukurikiranwa.
Nubwo u Rwanda rufite amategeko, inzego n’ingamba zo kukirwanya, ubushakashatsi bwa Never Again Rwanda n’ibyagaragajwe muri politiki nshya bigaragaza ko hakiri icyuho mu gutahura abahohotewe no kubafasha kongera kwiyubaka.
Kurwanya iki cyaha ntibireba inzego z’umutekano n’ubutabera gusa. Imiryango, amashuri, ibigo bishakira abantu akazi, abakoresha n’abaturage bose na bo bafite uruhare mu gutahura uburiganya no gutanga amakuru ku gihe.
Abashaka kujya gukora cyangwa kwiga mu mahanga na bo bakwiye kugenzura neza ibigo bibashakira akazi, amasezerano bahawe, aho bazakorera n’amakuru y’abo bagiye gukorana na bo, mbere yo kwemera amakuru.
