Umushoramari w’Umunyamerika Joe Lonsdale, umwe mu bashinze ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga cya Palantir, yashoye miliyoni 20 z’amadolari muri Safer Human Medicine (SHM), sosiyete ifite gahunda yo korora inkende zigera ku 30,000 zizajya zikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi bugamije guteza imbere ubuvuzi.


Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Forbes cyabitangaje mu nkuru cyasohoye ku wa 27 Ukwakira 2026, SHM yashinzwe mu 2023 na Jim Harkness, wahoze ari umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikorwa muri Envigo, ikigo cyororaga inyamaswa zakoreshwaga mu bushakashatsi.


Forbes yatangaje ko SHM imaze gukusanya miliyoni 28 z’amadolari, muri zo miliyoni 20 zikaba zarashowe na 8VC, ikigo cy’ishoramari cya Joe Lonsdale, mu 2023.


Lonsdale yemeje ko yashoye muri uyu mushinga ubwo yari mu kiganiro cya Jack Altman muri Gicurasi 2026. Yasobanuye ko ibikorwa bya SHM bigamije kurengera inyungu z’abantu, avuga ko mu gihe umuntu agomba guhitamo hagati yo kurokora umuvandimwe we n’inkende, yahitamo umuntu.


Amateka y’uwatangije SHM yongeye kubyutsa impaka


Impaka kuri uyu mushinga zishingiye no ku mateka ya Harkness, wigeze kuba umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikorwa muri Envigo mu gihe iki kigo cyakoraga ubworozi bw’imbwa zakoreshwaga mu bushakashatsi.


Mu 2022, urwego rw’ubutabera muri Amerika rwakurikiranye Envigo kubera kutubahiriza amategeko arengera inyamaswa mu kigo cyacyo cyo muri Virginia. Iperereza ryagaragaje ibibazo birimo kutabona ubuvuzi bw’amatungo uko bikwiye, umwanda, imirire mibi n’impfu nyinshi z’imbwa z’ubu bwoko.


Inzego za Leta zafashe imbwa zirenga 4,000 zari muri icyo kigo, nyuma zishyirwa mu miryango izitaho. Inotiv, ikigo cyari gifite Envigo, cyemeye icyaha kijyanye no kutubahiriza amategeko arengera inyamaswa, gitanga amande n’indishyi birenga miliyoni 35 z’amadolari.


Harkness yari amaze imyaka itatu muri Envigo nk’umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikorwa, aza kuhava mu Ukwakira 2022. Forbes ivuga ko atigeze akurikiranwa mu nkiko muri urwo rubanza.


Ibi byatumye bamwe mu barengera inyamaswa bagaragaza impungenge ku kuba umuntu wari mu buyobozi bw’ikigo cyagize ibibazo bikomeye by’imibereho y’inyamaswa ari we uyoboye undi mushinga munini uzazikorera.


Umushinga wa Georgia wahagaritswe n’amakimbirane n’abaturage


SHM yari ifite gahunda yo kubaka ikigo kinini i Bainbridge, muri Leta ya Georgia, aho yashakaga kororera inkende zo mu bwoko bwa macaque zigera ku 30.000.


Mu mpera za 2023, ubuyobozi bw’aho bwari bwemeye gutanga ubutaka bungana na hegitari hafi 81, uburyo bwo kubona inguzanyo z’imishinga bugera kuri miliyoni 300 z’amadolari ndetse no gusonerwa imisoro y’umutungo mu gihe cy’imyaka 10.


Mu byo SHM yari yemeye harimo gushora miliyoni 270 z’amadolari mu bukungu bw’ako gace no gutanga imirimo igera kuri 263.


Icyakora, abaturage batangiye kurwanya uwo mushinga, bagaragaza impungenge ku mutekano wabo, indwara zishobora gukwirakwizwa n’izo nyamaswa, imyanda, urusaku ndetse n’uko inkende zishobora gutoroka zikangiza ibidukikije.


Muri Gashyantare 2024, urwego rushinzwe iterambere ry’ako gace rwafashe icyemezo cyo kuva mu masezerano yari yarumvikanyweho na SHM. Icyo gihe sosiyete yahise irega urwo rwego n’ubuyobozi bw’akarere, ivuga ko butubahirije amasezerano.


Nk’uko Forbes yabitangaje mu Ukwakira 2026, urubanza rwari rugikomeje, SHM itaraba nyir’ubutaka yari yateganyijeho kubaka ikigo, kandi ibikorwa byo kororera inkende i Bainbridge bitari byaratangiye.


Mu gushaka kumenya uko sosiyete ibona ibibazo byavuzwe kuri uyu mushinga, Forbes yatangaje ko SHM yanze kugira icyo ivuga ku rubanza rwayo n’uburyo ibikorwa byo kubaka ikigo cya Bainbridge byari bigeze.


Jim Harkness na we yanze kugira icyo avuga ku mateka ye muri Envigo.


Icyakora, Joe Lonsdale yahaye Forbes ibisobanuro ku mpamvu ashyigikira uyu mushinga. Yavuze ko Amerika ikeneye uburyo bwizewe bwo kubona inkende zikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi kugira ngo byihutishe kubona imiti n’ubuvuzi bushobora kurokora ubuzima bw’abantu.


Yongeyeho ko hagomba gushakishwa ubundi buryo bushobora gusimbura ikoreshwa ry’inyamaswa aho bishoboka, ariko ko igihe ubushakashatsi busaba kuzikoresha, hagomba kubahirizwa amahame akomeye yo kuzitaho no kuzirengera.


Lonsdale yavuze ko ibyo byashoboka kurushaho mu bihugu bifite amategeko n’inzego zigenzura neza uburyo inyamaswa zifatwa.


Bityo, igisubizo cyatanzwe na Lonsdale kigaragaza impamvu ashyigikira uyu mushinga, ariko Forbes ntiyatangaje igisubizo kirambuye SHM ubwayo yatanze ku bibazo by’imibereho y’inkende cyangwa ku mbogamizi z’umushinga wa Georgia.


Ikigo cyo muri Florida cyatangiye ibikorwa


Nubwo gahunda yo kubaka ikigo kinini i Bainbridge yagize imbogamizi, SHM yatangiye gushaka ubundi buryo bwo guteza imbere ibikorwa byayo.


Ku wa 18 Gashyantare 2025, iyi sosiyete yatangaje ko yaguze ikigo kiri i LaBelle, muri Leta ya Florida, cyagenewe kubika no gushyira mu kato inkende mbere y’uko zikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi cyangwa zijyanwa ahandi.


Mu itangazo ryayo, SHM yavuze ko icyo kigo kizafasha kwihutisha ibikorwa byo kwakira no gushyira mu kato inkende, mu gihe igitegereje ko umushinga munini wa Bainbridge uzatangira.


Forbes yaje gutangaza mu Ukwakira 2026 ko ikigo cya Florida cyari kimaze gutangira gukora kandi gifite abakiriya, mu gihe icyari giteganyijwe muri Georgia cyari kitaratangira.


Kuki inkende zikenewe mu bushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi?


Inkende zo mu bwoko bwa macaque zikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bw’ubuvuzi kubera ko imikorere y’imibiri yazo ifite byinshi ihuriyeho n’iy’abantu.


Abashakashatsi bazikoresha mu gusuzuma umutekano n’imikorere y’imiti mishya, cyane cyane mu bushakashatsi bugoye busaba kureba uko umubiri wose witwara ku muti.


Kenneth Ramos, umwarimu w’ubumenyi bw’ubuvuzi muri Texas A&M, yabwiye Forbes ko hari ubushakashatsi busaba gukoresha uburyo bw’umubiri wuzuye bwegereye uko umubiri w’umuntu ukora. Yagaragaje ko kugabanya ubuziranenge bw’isuzuma ry’umutekano n’imikorere y’imiti bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku muryango mugari.


Icyakora, ikoreshwa ry’inyamaswa mu bushakashatsi rikomeje kugirwaho impaka, cyane cyane mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rishya ritanga ubundi buryo bushobora kugabanya cyangwa gusimbura ubwo bushakashatsi.


Urwego rushinzwe kugenzura ibiribwa n’imiti muri Amerika, FDA, rwemereye ko ubushakashatsi bw’imiti bushobora gukoresha ubundi buryo burimo mudasobwa zigereranya uko umuti ukora mu mubiri ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga rya “organs-on-a-chip”, ryigana imikorere y’ingingo z’umubiri.


Nubwo ubwo buryo bugenda butera imbere, hari imiti n’ubushakashatsi bugoye aho ibigo bikora imiti bikomeje gukoresha inyamaswa mu gusuzuma umutekano wayo.


Isoko ry’inkende zo mu bushakashatsi ryahuye n’ibura


Forbes ivuga ko mbere y’uko Ubushinwa buhagarika kohereza inkende muri Amerika mu 2020, icyo gihugu cyari gutanga hafi 60% by’inkende zakoreshwaga mu bushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi muri Amerika.


Nyuma y’icyo cyemezo, ibigo by’ubushakashatsi byashatse izindi soko, birimo ibihugu byo mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Icyakora, iperereza ku bacuruzaga inkende mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko muri Cambodia na ryo ryagize ingaruka ku itangwa ryazo.


Ibi byatumye ibigo bimwe na bimwe by’ubushakashatsi bishaka uburyo bwo kubona inkende zororerwa imbere muri Amerika, aho kuzishingira ku zituruka mu mahanga.


Nubwo SHM ivuga ko umushinga wayo ushobora gufasha kubona inkende zikenewe mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ubuvuzi, abatavuga rumwe na wo basaba ko harebwa neza ingaruka ushobora kugira ku nyamaswa, ku baturage no ku bidukikije.


Icyo impaka zigaragaza ni uko ubushakashatsi bugamije guteza imbere ubuvuzi bugomba no kugendera ku mahame arengera inyamaswa n’umutekano w’abaturage, cyane cyane iyo bukoresha umubare munini w’inyamaswa.