Ireland Launches Investigation Into X Over Grok AI Concerns

Ireland’s data protection authority has opened a formal investigation into X over concerns linked to Grok, the artificial intelligence tool integrated into the platform owned by Elon Musk.

The probe focuses on how Grok processes users’ personal data and allegations that it has generated explicit images and videos, including content reportedly involving minors.

Reports of AI-Generated Explicit Content

The investigation follows reports claiming that Grok produced highly realistic images and videos of individuals appearing partially or fully undressed in response to user prompts last month.

Although X announced that it had introduced new safeguards to block such outputs, recent testing reportedly showed that the AI system could still generate explicit content when prompted.

These developments have intensified scrutiny around AI moderation systems and how companies prevent misuse of generative tools.

Potential EU-Level Consequences

As the lead regulator overseeing X within the European Union, Ireland’s Data Protection Commission has the authority to impose significant penalties if violations are confirmed.

Under EU data protection laws, companies found in breach may face fines of up to 4% of their global annual revenue — a penalty that could amount to billions of dollars for X.

The Irish inquiry adds to mounting regulatory pressure. On January 20, 2026, the European Commission launched a separate investigation into X. Meanwhile, the UK’s Information Commissioner’s Office opened its own probe on February 3, 2026.

Political Debate Over European Tech Rules

Elon Musk and some members of the U.S. government have criticized European digital regulations, arguing that the rules — along with the heavy fines — disproportionately target American technology companies and effectively function as a form of taxation.

The outcome of Ireland’s investigation could have far-reaching implications for AI regulation, digital privacy enforcement, and the future operations of AI-powered platforms across Europe.